Quit India Movement: Mock Test Practice Quiz
Quit India Movement is a milestone in Indian history, inspired by Mahatma Gandhi's 'Do or Die' declaration, every Indian pledged to liberate India.
In December 1885, the first meeting of the Indian National Congress was held in Mumbai. It is said that in the first 20 years, the Congress was not particularly interested in promoting independence or self-governance. However, after the first Partition of Bengal in 1905, the Congress intensified its demand for reforms and finally began the struggle for complete independence from Britain.
In 1906, the Muslim League was founded for the rights of the country's Muslims. For many years, the Muslim League and its leaders campaigned for Hindu-Muslim unity in a united and independent India.
Failure of Gandhi-Jinnah Talks
In February 1938, Mahatma Gandhi and the Quaid-e-Azam began talks to resolve religious tensions in the country, but these talks failed in July. In December, the Muslim League set up a committee to investigate complaints of Congress mistreatment of Muslims.
An important stage in the movement for the establishment of Pakistan came on March 23, 1940. On the same day, the Muslim League, representing Muslims in India, presented a proposal in Lahore against the British rule, also known as the Pakistan Resolution. It proposed the creation of a fully independent and sovereign state in Muslim-majority areas.
Viceroy Linlithgow announced the August offer, which included the appointment of Indian representatives to an executive council and advisory council. The Congress and the Muslim League rejected the offer and on October 17, the Congress launched a non-cooperation movement against the British rule.
To break the political and legal deadlock in India, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill announced in the British Parliament on March 11, 1942 that Sir Stafford Corpus, the Socialist leader of England, would soon be sent to India with new proposals to solve Indian political problems. Consult leaders.
Between 22 and 23 March 1942, Sir Corps came to Delhi. He held lengthy talks with Indian leaders and on March 30, corpus proposals were published. Corps mission proposals failed to satisfy Indian nationalists. Different organizations opposed him for various reasons and rejected the corpus proposal. In 1942, the Quit India Movement was launched under the leadership of Gandhi.
Gandhi and Jinnah discussed the Muslim League's demand for Pakistan in September 1944, which failed. The reason for the difference between the two was Pakistan's demand.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah's emphasis was on the demand for a separate country for Muslims, Pakistan, while Gandhi spoke only of independence, in which the Hindu-majority interim government in India guaranteed Muslims recognition of their separate identities. ۔
Violence erupted between Hindus and Muslims across the country in 1946 after the Muslim League withdrew from the cabinet mission and demanded direct action.
The first wave of violence erupted in Calcutta between August 16 and 18. About 4,000 people were killed, thousands injured and about 100,000 displaced in what became known as the 'Great Calcutta Killings'. The wave of violence spread to East Bengal's Nawakhali and Bihar districts, killing about 7,000 Muslims.
1947 - Year of Partition or Independence
On January 29, the Muslim League demanded the dissolution of the Constituent Assembly. In February, sectarian violence erupted in Punjab.
The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Clement Attlee, announced that Britain would leave India by June 1948 and that Lord Mountbatten would take over as Viceroy.
On March 24, Lord Mountbatten was sworn in as Viceroy and Governor-General.
On April 15, an appeal was made by Gandhi and Jinnah to refrain from violence.
On June 2, Mountbatten spoke to Indian leaders about the partition plan, and on June 3, Nehru, Jinnah and Baldev Singh, a representative of the Sikh community, briefed All India Radio on the plan.
Separated from India on 14th August, Pakistan was formed and Pakistan celebrated its first Independence Day. The exchange of power between Britain and India took place at midnight on August 14 and on August 15, India celebrated its first Independence Day.
About one and a half crore people were forced to leave their homes and change their country. About one million people were killed in the violence, including Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs.
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